Pengaruh Daya Saing Indonesia terhadap Pasar Global Melalui Hilirisasi Crude Palm Oil (CPO)

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) downstreaming, CPO export value, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and world CPO prices on Indonesia's export competitiveness as measured using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). Time series data for the period 1990–2023 were analyzed using the Error Correction Model (ECM) to identify short-term and long-term relationships. The results show that exports of CPO downstream products have a negative and insignificant effect on export competitiveness, indicating that downstreaming has not yet resulted in optimal added value. Conversely, the value of CPO exports has a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's export competitiveness. GDP and world CPO prices have been proven to have a negative and significant effect on export competitiveness. These findings emphasize the importance of improving the quality of downstreaming and production efficiency to strengthen the competitiveness of Indonesia's CPO exports.